What script was used to write the Hebrew Torah before the Babylonian captivity of 586 BCE?

I believe the Phoenician alphabet was used fairly exclusively until then. I don't know what, if any, differences there are between the Torahs used by both. The Samaritans were always in Israel, and did not participate in the development of the Talmud, or the canonization of the Torah. I believe their Bible is just the 'Five Books of Moses,' and not the rest.